Indian Geography Notes for Civil Services Examination
India States Capitals &
Geographical Extremes
India States With their Capital
1. Andhra Pradesh |
Hyderabad |
2. Arunachal Pradesh |
Itanagar |
3. Assam |
Dispur |
4. Bihar |
Patna |
5. Chhatisgarh |
Raipur |
6. Goa |
Panaji |
7. Gujarat |
Gandhinagar |
8. Haryana |
Chandigarh |
9. Himachal Pradesh |
Shimla |
10. Jammu & Kashmir |
Srinagar |
11. Jharkhand |
Ranchi |
12. Karnataka |
Bengaluru |
13. Kerala |
Thiruvananthapuram |
14. Madhya Pradesh |
Bhopal |
15. Maharashtra |
Mumbai |
16. Manipur |
Imphal |
17. Meghalaya |
Shillong |
18. Mizoram |
Aizawl |
19. Nagaland |
Kohima |
20. Odisha |
Bhubaneshwar |
21. Punjab |
Chandigarh |
22. Rajasthan |
Jaipur |
23. Sikkim |
Gangtok |
24. Tamil Nadu |
Chennai |
25. Telangana |
Hyderabad |
26. Tripura |
Agartala |
27. Uttarakhand |
Dehra Dun |
28. Uttar Pradesh |
Lucknow |
29. West Bengal |
Kolkata |
India's Union Territories and their Capital
1. Andaman & Nicobar |
Port Blair |
2. Chandigarh |
Chandigarh |
3. Dadra & Nagar Haveli |
Silwassa |
4. Daman & Diu |
Daman |
5. Delhi |
Delhi |
6. Lakshadweep |
Kavaratti |
7. Puducherry |
Puducherry [ Pudcherry & Karaikal (Tamilnadu)
Mahe (Kerala) Yanam (Andra pradesh)] |
Indian Geographical Extremes
► Highest Temperature - (56°C) Briyawali,
Bikaner in Rajasthan
► Lowest Temperature - (- 45°C) Dras, Ladakh in J & K
► Highest Rainfall - 11,875 mm (around of) Mawsynram in Meghalaya.
► Highest Peak - 8,611 metre, K2 in Jammu & Kashmir
► Longest River - 2510 km, Ganga with 861,400 square km basin
► Largest River Iland - Majuli in Brahmaputra, in Assam (1500 square km)
(largest in India as well as in the world)
► Largest Desert - Thar Desert 2,59,000 square km.
► Largest Plateau - Deccan Plateau, 259,000 square km.
► Highest Water fall - Jog water fall, sharawati river in Karnataka
► Largest Coastal state - Gujarat, Coastal Length (1600 km.)
► Largest brackish water lake – Chilika lake in Odisha.
► Largest Sea Beach - Marina Beach, In Chennai with 13 km length.
► 2nd largest lake - Wular lake in Bandipora distt. In J & K (largest in India
as well as in Asia)
► Largest fresh water lake - Kolleru lake (Andhra Pradesh)
► Largest man-made lake - Govind Vallabh Pant Sagar (Rihand Dam) (UP and MP
border)
► Highest lake - Devtal lake, Gadhwal, Uttarakhand.
► Largest canal – Indira Gandhi canal (Rajasthan)
► Largest Tributory River of India - Yamuna.
► Largest populated city - Mumbai
► Largest state (Area) - Rajasthan
► Largest state (population) - Uttar Pradesh
► State wise largest Area Under forest - Madhya Pradesh
► Largest Delta - Sundarbans Delta.
► Largest River without Delta - Narmada and Tapti
► Largest cantilever span bridge - Howrah Bridge
► Longest River Bridge - Mahatma Gandhi Setu, Patna
► Longest Road - Grand Truck Road.
► Highest Road - Road at Khardungla (in Leh-Manali)
► Highest Dam - Tehri Dam (Uttarakhand)
► Longest Dam - Hirakund Dam (Odisha)
► Largest Cave - Amarnath (J & K)
► Largest Cave Temple - Kailash Temple, Ellora (Maharashtra)
► Tallest Plunge Water fall - Nohkalikai Falls (335 metres) in shora near
cherrapunji Meghalaya
► Biggest cave temple - Ellora.
► Biggest Mosque - Jama masjid at Delhi
► Highest Gateway - Buland Darwaza at fatepur Sikri
► Tallest Statues - Statues of Hanuman (AP)
► Largest Dome - Gol Gumbaz at Bizapur.
► Largest Zoo - Zoological Garden at Alipur (Kolkata)
► Largest Museum - Indian Museum at Kolkata
► Largest District - Kutch District
► Longest Electric Railway line - From Delhi to Kolkata via Patna.
► Longest Railway Route - From Assam to Kanyakumari
► Longest Railway Plate form - Gorakhpur (U.P.)
► Highest Railway station - Ghum (W. Bengal)
► Longest Tunnel - Jawahar Tunnel (J&K)
► Longest Highway - NH-44 (NH-7) which turns from Varanasi to Kanyakumari
► Smallest state (population) - Sikkim
► Smallest State (Area) - Goa
► Densest Populated State - West Bengal
► Largest Animal fair - Sonepur (Bihar)
► Largest Auditorium - Sri Shanmukhanand Hall (Mumbai)
► Largest Port - Mumbai
► Biggest Hotel - Oberai Sheraton (Mumbai)
► Largest Gurudwara - Golden Temple, Amritsar
► Deepest River Valley - Bhagirathi & Alakhnanda
► Largest Church - Saint Catherdal (Goa)
► Oldest Church - St. Thomas Church at Palayar, Trichur (Kerala)
► Highest Airport - Leh (Ladakh) (J&K)
► Biggest Stadium - Yuva Bharti (Salt lake) stadium, Kolkata.
► Largest Inland salt lake - Sambhar lake.